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The extract of artichoke is the water extract or ethanol extract of the perennial herb artichoke. The main effective components include polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, etc. It has pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, liver protection, cholesterol lowering, antibacterial, and gastrointestinal improvement. Artichoke extract can be used as food additive, feed additive, antioxidant and even medicine.
The edible part of artichoke flower ball contains a variety of nutrients, with high content of protein, calcium and phosphorus, in addition to more inulin (high content in the root). The functional compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, such as artichoke acid and chlorogenic acid, not only exist in flower balls, but also in leaves.
1. Treat dyspepsia
In Europe, artichoke has been used as a herbal medicine to treat indigestion. Artichoke extract is used to treat gastrointestinal diseases including abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, etc.
2. Reducing blood lipid and anti atherosclerosis
Many experiments have shown that artichoke extract can reduce blood lipids, mainly by affecting cholesterol and the synthesis and decomposition of lipids in the liver to regulate lipid levels, thus preventing atherosclerosis.
3. Liver protection and antioxidant function
The research on the antioxidant function of Artichoke mainly focused on the leaf extract. The antioxidant capacity of polyphenol compounds isolated from artichoke is mainly determined by the number of hydroxyl groups on the aromatic ring. The more hydroxyl groups, the stronger the antioxidant capacity. In addition, the second hydroxyl groups in the ortho and para positions can also increase their antioxidant capacity. The test results showed that the EC50 values of 1 g dried artichoke extract on DPPH and FRAP were equivalent to 29.2 mg and 62.6 mg VC, 77.9 mg and 159 mg VE, respectively, and had good anti LDL oxidation effect.
The antioxidant test results of rat hepatocytes in vitro showed that 0.001 mg/ml aqueous extract could reduce the content of MDA without affecting the level of glutathione (GSH) in hepatocytes, on the contrary, it reduced the loss of GSH and GSSG. It shows that the extract of Artichoke has a strong antioxidant effect. Therefore, the antioxidant effect of the extract is the main reason for its liver protection and liver regeneration.
4. Antimicrobial effect
The antimicrobial activity of chlorogenic acid, artichoke acid, luteolin - 7-rutoside and silymarin in Artichoke is relatively high, and the antifungal activity is stronger than the antibacterial activity.
5. Other values
The extract of artichoke leaves, especially the flavonoids, can regulate the gene expression of NO enzyme in human epithelial cells, promote the synthesis of NO, and thus prevent cardiovascular disease. The artichoke oleoresin contained in artichoke has the effect of antispasmodic. In addition, artichoke can also improve intestinal peristalsis, promote the contraction of intestinal wall, so that substances in the intestine can be transported faster, thus preventing constipation.
The extract of artichoke is the water extract or ethanol extract of the perennial herb artichoke. The main effective components include polyphenols, flavonoids, terpenoids, etc. It has pharmacological activities such as antioxidation, liver protection, cholesterol lowering, antibacterial, and gastrointestinal improvement. Artichoke extract can be used as food additive, feed additive, antioxidant and even medicine.
The edible part of artichoke flower ball contains a variety of nutrients, with high content of protein, calcium and phosphorus, in addition to more inulin (high content in the root). The functional compounds, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, such as artichoke acid and chlorogenic acid, not only exist in flower balls, but also in leaves.
1. Treat dyspepsia
In Europe, artichoke has been used as a herbal medicine to treat indigestion. Artichoke extract is used to treat gastrointestinal diseases including abdominal pain, abdominal distension, nausea, etc.
2. Reducing blood lipid and anti atherosclerosis
Many experiments have shown that artichoke extract can reduce blood lipids, mainly by affecting cholesterol and the synthesis and decomposition of lipids in the liver to regulate lipid levels, thus preventing atherosclerosis.
3. Liver protection and antioxidant function
The research on the antioxidant function of Artichoke mainly focused on the leaf extract. The antioxidant capacity of polyphenol compounds isolated from artichoke is mainly determined by the number of hydroxyl groups on the aromatic ring. The more hydroxyl groups, the stronger the antioxidant capacity. In addition, the second hydroxyl groups in the ortho and para positions can also increase their antioxidant capacity. The test results showed that the EC50 values of 1 g dried artichoke extract on DPPH and FRAP were equivalent to 29.2 mg and 62.6 mg VC, 77.9 mg and 159 mg VE, respectively, and had good anti LDL oxidation effect.
The antioxidant test results of rat hepatocytes in vitro showed that 0.001 mg/ml aqueous extract could reduce the content of MDA without affecting the level of glutathione (GSH) in hepatocytes, on the contrary, it reduced the loss of GSH and GSSG. It shows that the extract of Artichoke has a strong antioxidant effect. Therefore, the antioxidant effect of the extract is the main reason for its liver protection and liver regeneration.
4. Antimicrobial effect
The antimicrobial activity of chlorogenic acid, artichoke acid, luteolin - 7-rutoside and silymarin in Artichoke is relatively high, and the antifungal activity is stronger than the antibacterial activity.
5. Other values
The extract of artichoke leaves, especially the flavonoids, can regulate the gene expression of NO enzyme in human epithelial cells, promote the synthesis of NO, and thus prevent cardiovascular disease. The artichoke oleoresin contained in artichoke has the effect of antispasmodic. In addition, artichoke can also improve intestinal peristalsis, promote the contraction of intestinal wall, so that substances in the intestine can be transported faster, thus preventing constipation.
