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Gardenia extract is the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides, a plant of Rubiaceae. Gardenia, also known as Mudan, Yuetao, Mountain Gardenia, Yellow Gardenia. It was first published in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. In autumn, the fruits are harvested when they are red and yellow. Remove the impurities from the fruit stalks, scald them in boiling water or steam them to the top with a steamer, take them out, dry them in the sun or dry them. It belongs to the first batch of dual-use resources for medicine and food issued by the Ministry of Health, and has the functions of protecting liver, cholagogic, lowering blood pressure, sedation, hemostasis, detumescence, etc. It is often used to treat jaundice hepatitis, sprain and contusion, hypertension, diabetes and other diseases in TCM clinic.
The fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis mainly contains iridoids, organic acids, pigments and triterpenes.
1. The iridoids are mainly geniposide, geniposide and geniposide.
2. Organic acid is mainly chlorogenic acid.
3. Pigments mainly include crocin.
4. Triterpenoids are mainly ursolic acid.
1. Impact on digestive system
(1) Liver protection: Gardenia jasminoides jasminoides Ellis can reduce the liver damage caused by CCl4, reduce the degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, and recover the content of glycogen and ribonucleic acid accumulated in liver cells. Gardenia jasminoides jasminoides Ellis by gavage can reduce or normalize the activities of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin diphosphate glucosaldehyde transferase increased in animals with common bile duct ligation, and increase the activities of liver diphosphate glucoside dehydrogenase decreased.
(2) Influence on bile secretion, excretion and metabolism: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has cholagogic effect. Its alcohol extract, crocin, crocin and geniposin can increase bile secretion. People taking Gardenia decoction can obviously shrink the gallbladder and promote bile excretion. Gardenia water and alcohol extract can reduce the content of bilirubin in the blood of rabbits with common bile duct ligation, which seems to promote the metabolism of bilirubin.
(3) Effects on gastric juice secretion and gastrointestinal movement: The duodenal administration of geniposol can reduce gastric juice secretion in rats with pylorus ligation. The spontaneous gastric peristalsis and pilocarpine induced gastric contraction in rats were inhibited by intravenous injection of geniposide or geniposide. The ethanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can stimulate the small intestine movement of rats and rabbits.
2. Effect on central nervous system
The ethanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis injected intraperitoneally in mice can reduce spontaneous activity, has sedative effect, and has synergistic effect with cyclohexylbarbital sodium, can prolong sleep time and reduce body temperature. The water extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, geniposide and geniposide can inhibit the writhing reaction of acetic acid in mice, so they are considered to have analgesic effect.
3. Effect on cardiovascular system
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis decoction and alcohol extract have hypotensive effects on anesthetized or non anesthetized cats, rabbits and rats, whether orally or intravenously administered. Gardenia jasminoides extract can reduce myocardial contractility. Gardenia decoction can slow down heart rate and dilate blood vessels.
4. Anti inflammatory effect
The extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can obviously inhibit the ear shell swelling of mice caused by xylene and the foot swelling caused by formaldehyde, and has obvious therapeutic effect on the soft tissue injury of mice and rabbits.
5. Antibacterial effect
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, meningococcus diplococcus, catarrhal coccus, etc. The aqueous extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has inhibitory effect on many kinds of fungi in vitro. The decoction has the effect of killing leptospira and adult schistosoma.
6. Other functions
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can make the blood flow of pancreas, liver, stomach and small intestine recover in the early stage of pancreatitis, and the recovery of pancreatic blood flow is the most obvious. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can slow down the process of ATP decomposition and energy release in red blood cells of mice, resulting in insufficient energy supply.
Gardenia extract is the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides, a plant of Rubiaceae. Gardenia, also known as Mudan, Yuetao, Mountain Gardenia, Yellow Gardenia. It was first published in Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica. In autumn, the fruits are harvested when they are red and yellow. Remove the impurities from the fruit stalks, scald them in boiling water or steam them to the top with a steamer, take them out, dry them in the sun or dry them. It belongs to the first batch of dual-use resources for medicine and food issued by the Ministry of Health, and has the functions of protecting liver, cholagogic, lowering blood pressure, sedation, hemostasis, detumescence, etc. It is often used to treat jaundice hepatitis, sprain and contusion, hypertension, diabetes and other diseases in TCM clinic.
The fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis mainly contains iridoids, organic acids, pigments and triterpenes.
1. The iridoids are mainly geniposide, geniposide and geniposide.
2. Organic acid is mainly chlorogenic acid.
3. Pigments mainly include crocin.
4. Triterpenoids are mainly ursolic acid.
1. Impact on digestive system
(1) Liver protection: Gardenia jasminoides jasminoides Ellis can reduce the liver damage caused by CCl4, reduce the degeneration and necrosis of liver cells, and recover the content of glycogen and ribonucleic acid accumulated in liver cells. Gardenia jasminoides jasminoides Ellis by gavage can reduce or normalize the activities of alanine aminotransferase and bilirubin diphosphate glucosaldehyde transferase increased in animals with common bile duct ligation, and increase the activities of liver diphosphate glucoside dehydrogenase decreased.
(2) Influence on bile secretion, excretion and metabolism: Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has cholagogic effect. Its alcohol extract, crocin, crocin and geniposin can increase bile secretion. People taking Gardenia decoction can obviously shrink the gallbladder and promote bile excretion. Gardenia water and alcohol extract can reduce the content of bilirubin in the blood of rabbits with common bile duct ligation, which seems to promote the metabolism of bilirubin.
(3) Effects on gastric juice secretion and gastrointestinal movement: The duodenal administration of geniposol can reduce gastric juice secretion in rats with pylorus ligation. The spontaneous gastric peristalsis and pilocarpine induced gastric contraction in rats were inhibited by intravenous injection of geniposide or geniposide. The ethanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can stimulate the small intestine movement of rats and rabbits.
2. Effect on central nervous system
The ethanol extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis injected intraperitoneally in mice can reduce spontaneous activity, has sedative effect, and has synergistic effect with cyclohexylbarbital sodium, can prolong sleep time and reduce body temperature. The water extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, geniposide and geniposide can inhibit the writhing reaction of acetic acid in mice, so they are considered to have analgesic effect.
3. Effect on cardiovascular system
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis decoction and alcohol extract have hypotensive effects on anesthetized or non anesthetized cats, rabbits and rats, whether orally or intravenously administered. Gardenia jasminoides extract can reduce myocardial contractility. Gardenia decoction can slow down heart rate and dilate blood vessels.
4. Anti inflammatory effect
The extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can obviously inhibit the ear shell swelling of mice caused by xylene and the foot swelling caused by formaldehyde, and has obvious therapeutic effect on the soft tissue injury of mice and rabbits.
5. Antibacterial effect
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus, meningococcus diplococcus, catarrhal coccus, etc. The aqueous extract of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has inhibitory effect on many kinds of fungi in vitro. The decoction has the effect of killing leptospira and adult schistosoma.
6. Other functions
Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can make the blood flow of pancreas, liver, stomach and small intestine recover in the early stage of pancreatitis, and the recovery of pancreatic blood flow is the most obvious. Gardenia jasminoides Ellis can slow down the process of ATP decomposition and energy release in red blood cells of mice, resulting in insufficient energy supply.
