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Liquorice is a common food for both medicine and food. Liquorice extract is widely used as a natural sweetener in candy and canned foods. The sweet taste of licorice comes from glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid. The former is a type of triterpenoid saponin, accounting for about 4% to 5% of the dry weight of glycyrrhiza uralensis root, and its sweetness is 50 times that of sucrose. Glycyrrhetinic acid is formed by hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid to remove the sugar acid chain, and its sweetness is 250 times that of sucrose. Glycyrrhetinic acid has cytotoxicity. Prolonged consumption of large amounts of glycyrrhizin (100g/d) can lead to severe hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Clinical symptoms include sodium ion retention and potassium ion excretion, and in severe cases, it can lead to extreme weakness and ventricular fibrillation.
Glycyrrhizic acid extracted from the roots and stems of legumes is obtained by hydrolysis after being made into ammonium salts. Glycyrrhiza uralensis is an annual herb mainly produced in Inner Mongolia and Gansu. The root and rhizome of licorice mainly contain glycyrrhizin, a potassium and calcium salt of glycyrrhizic acid, which is a sweet component of licorice. It is about 50 times sweeter than sucrose. Heat the crushed licorice with water, continuously countercurrent extract, separate and remove impurities from the grass residue, and obtain an aqueous solution. Evaporate, concentrate, and add sulfuric acid pH2-3 after stirring. Allow to settle and remove the supernatant. The precipitate was washed with water to remove sulfate, heated, concentrated, and boiled to make a glycyrrhizic acid paste. Crush the glycyrrhizic acid cream and extract it with 95% ethanol for 2-3 times, each time for 3 hours, to obtain an ethanol solution. After filtration, stir and pass ammonia until the pH is 7-7.5. After further filtration, a crude product of triammonium glycyrrhizinate is obtained, which is refined with glacial acetic acid to form a creamy yellow monoammonium glycyrrhizinate. Add monoammonium glycyrrhizinate to a 5% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, stir and heat to near boiling, hydrolyze under reflux for 15 hours, filter, and wash with water to obtain a crude glycyrrhetinic acid.
1. Glycyrrhetinic acid is a component of traditional Chinese medicine, which is mainly formed by hydrolysis of glycyrrhetinic acid to desaccharic acid chain, and has anti-inflammatory effect on skin.
2. Glycyrrhetinic acid can prevent cancer.
3. Glycyrrhetinic acid mainly exists in skin care products and drugs in daily life. Its main functions on the skin are moisturizing, removing spots, relieving dry itching and other symptoms. At the same time, glycyrrhetinic acid has certain effects on preventing allergy, melanin production and delaying skin aging.
Liquorice is a common food for both medicine and food. Liquorice extract is widely used as a natural sweetener in candy and canned foods. The sweet taste of licorice comes from glycyrrhizic acid and glycyrrhetinic acid. The former is a type of triterpenoid saponin, accounting for about 4% to 5% of the dry weight of glycyrrhiza uralensis root, and its sweetness is 50 times that of sucrose. Glycyrrhetinic acid is formed by hydrolysis of glycyrrhizic acid to remove the sugar acid chain, and its sweetness is 250 times that of sucrose. Glycyrrhetinic acid has cytotoxicity. Prolonged consumption of large amounts of glycyrrhizin (100g/d) can lead to severe hypertension and cardiac hypertrophy. Clinical symptoms include sodium ion retention and potassium ion excretion, and in severe cases, it can lead to extreme weakness and ventricular fibrillation.
Glycyrrhizic acid extracted from the roots and stems of legumes is obtained by hydrolysis after being made into ammonium salts. Glycyrrhiza uralensis is an annual herb mainly produced in Inner Mongolia and Gansu. The root and rhizome of licorice mainly contain glycyrrhizin, a potassium and calcium salt of glycyrrhizic acid, which is a sweet component of licorice. It is about 50 times sweeter than sucrose. Heat the crushed licorice with water, continuously countercurrent extract, separate and remove impurities from the grass residue, and obtain an aqueous solution. Evaporate, concentrate, and add sulfuric acid pH2-3 after stirring. Allow to settle and remove the supernatant. The precipitate was washed with water to remove sulfate, heated, concentrated, and boiled to make a glycyrrhizic acid paste. Crush the glycyrrhizic acid cream and extract it with 95% ethanol for 2-3 times, each time for 3 hours, to obtain an ethanol solution. After filtration, stir and pass ammonia until the pH is 7-7.5. After further filtration, a crude product of triammonium glycyrrhizinate is obtained, which is refined with glacial acetic acid to form a creamy yellow monoammonium glycyrrhizinate. Add monoammonium glycyrrhizinate to a 5% sulfuric acid aqueous solution, stir and heat to near boiling, hydrolyze under reflux for 15 hours, filter, and wash with water to obtain a crude glycyrrhetinic acid.
1. Glycyrrhetinic acid is a component of traditional Chinese medicine, which is mainly formed by hydrolysis of glycyrrhetinic acid to desaccharic acid chain, and has anti-inflammatory effect on skin.
2. Glycyrrhetinic acid can prevent cancer.
3. Glycyrrhetinic acid mainly exists in skin care products and drugs in daily life. Its main functions on the skin are moisturizing, removing spots, relieving dry itching and other symptoms. At the same time, glycyrrhetinic acid has certain effects on preventing allergy, melanin production and delaying skin aging.
