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Isopropanol, also known as 2-propanol, it is an organic compound and an isomer of n-propanol. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with a smell like a mixture of ethanol and acetone. It is soluble in water and most organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Isopropanol is an important chemical product and raw material, which is mainly used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, plastics, spices, coatings, etc.
1. As chemical raw materials, it can produce acetone, hydrogen peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isopropyl amine, isopropyl ether, isopropyl chloride, isopropyl fatty acid and isopropyl chloride fatty acid. In fine chemical industry, it can be used to produce isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, triisopropyl phosphite, aluminum isopropoxide, medicine and pesticide, and also can be used to produce diisopropyl acetone, isopropyl acetate, thymol and gasoline additives.
2. As a solvent, it is a relatively cheap solvent in industry. It has a wide range of applications and can be freely mixed with water. Its solubility for lipophilic substances is stronger than that of ethanol. It can be used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, rubber, paint, shellac, alkaloids, etc. It can be used in the production of paints, inks, extractants, aerosols, etc. It can also be used as antifreeze, cleaner, additive for blended gasoline, dispersant for pigment production, fixing agent for printing and dyeing industry, antifogging agent for glass and transparent plastics, etc. It can also be used as diluent for adhesives, antifreeze, dehydrating agent, etc.
3. As a standard for chromatographic analysis, determine barium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium, nitrite, cobalt, etc.
4. In the electronic industry, it can be used as cleaning and degreasing agent.
5. In the oil and fat industry, cottonseed oil extraction agent can also be used for degreasing of animal-derived tissue membranes.
The preparation method is that propylene is used as raw material, diatomite phosphate is used as catalyst, and isopropanol is directly hydrated under pressure.
The process is to pressurize propylene and water to 2.03MPa respectively, preheat them to 200 ℃, and then enter the reactor for hydration reaction. The reactor is equipped with diatomite phosphate catalyst. The reaction temperature is 95 ℃, the pressure is 2.03MPa, the molar ratio of water to propylene is 0.7:1, the conversion rate of propylene is 5.2%, and the selectivity is 99%. The reaction gas is sent to the high-pressure cooler and high-pressure separator after neutralization and heat exchange. The isopropanol in the gas phase is recovered in the recovery tower by spraying with non-saline water. The unreacted gas is recycled by the circulating compressor. The liquid phase is low concentration isopropanol (15%~17%). 85%~87% isopropanol aqueous solution is obtained through the crude distillation tower, then rectified to 95% by the distillation tower, and then extracted to more than 99% by benzene. This method is the main method for producing isopropanol at home and abroad. This method does not use sulfuric acid, has no corrosion problem, and the process flow is relatively simple.
There is also a sulfuric acid water method, that is, using propylene containing more than 50% as raw material, using 75% - 85% concentrated sulfuric acid in the absorption tower at 50 ℃ and low pressure, diluting the absorption solution to 35% sulfuric acid, and hydrolyzing it into isopropanol in the desorption tower with low pressure steam. The propylene conversion rate of this method can reach more than 90%, and the crude isopropanol containing 50%~60% isopropanol can be obtained. This method uses sulfuric acid, which is highly corrosive to equipment. In addition, dilute sulfuric acid should be concentrated and applied.
Isopropanol, also known as 2-propanol, it is an organic compound and an isomer of n-propanol. It is a colorless and transparent liquid with a smell like a mixture of ethanol and acetone. It is soluble in water and most organic solvents such as alcohol, ether, benzene and chloroform.
Isopropanol is an important chemical product and raw material, which is mainly used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, plastics, spices, coatings, etc.
1. As chemical raw materials, it can produce acetone, hydrogen peroxide, methyl isobutyl ketone, diisobutyl ketone, isopropyl amine, isopropyl ether, isopropyl chloride, isopropyl fatty acid and isopropyl chloride fatty acid. In fine chemical industry, it can be used to produce isopropyl nitrate, isopropyl xanthate, triisopropyl phosphite, aluminum isopropoxide, medicine and pesticide, and also can be used to produce diisopropyl acetone, isopropyl acetate, thymol and gasoline additives.
2. As a solvent, it is a relatively cheap solvent in industry. It has a wide range of applications and can be freely mixed with water. Its solubility for lipophilic substances is stronger than that of ethanol. It can be used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, rubber, paint, shellac, alkaloids, etc. It can be used in the production of paints, inks, extractants, aerosols, etc. It can also be used as antifreeze, cleaner, additive for blended gasoline, dispersant for pigment production, fixing agent for printing and dyeing industry, antifogging agent for glass and transparent plastics, etc. It can also be used as diluent for adhesives, antifreeze, dehydrating agent, etc.
3. As a standard for chromatographic analysis, determine barium, calcium, copper, magnesium, nickel, potassium, sodium, strontium, nitrite, cobalt, etc.
4. In the electronic industry, it can be used as cleaning and degreasing agent.
5. In the oil and fat industry, cottonseed oil extraction agent can also be used for degreasing of animal-derived tissue membranes.
The preparation method is that propylene is used as raw material, diatomite phosphate is used as catalyst, and isopropanol is directly hydrated under pressure.
The process is to pressurize propylene and water to 2.03MPa respectively, preheat them to 200 ℃, and then enter the reactor for hydration reaction. The reactor is equipped with diatomite phosphate catalyst. The reaction temperature is 95 ℃, the pressure is 2.03MPa, the molar ratio of water to propylene is 0.7:1, the conversion rate of propylene is 5.2%, and the selectivity is 99%. The reaction gas is sent to the high-pressure cooler and high-pressure separator after neutralization and heat exchange. The isopropanol in the gas phase is recovered in the recovery tower by spraying with non-saline water. The unreacted gas is recycled by the circulating compressor. The liquid phase is low concentration isopropanol (15%~17%). 85%~87% isopropanol aqueous solution is obtained through the crude distillation tower, then rectified to 95% by the distillation tower, and then extracted to more than 99% by benzene. This method is the main method for producing isopropanol at home and abroad. This method does not use sulfuric acid, has no corrosion problem, and the process flow is relatively simple.
There is also a sulfuric acid water method, that is, using propylene containing more than 50% as raw material, using 75% - 85% concentrated sulfuric acid in the absorption tower at 50 ℃ and low pressure, diluting the absorption solution to 35% sulfuric acid, and hydrolyzing it into isopropanol in the desorption tower with low pressure steam. The propylene conversion rate of this method can reach more than 90%, and the crude isopropanol containing 50%~60% isopropanol can be obtained. This method uses sulfuric acid, which is highly corrosive to equipment. In addition, dilute sulfuric acid should be concentrated and applied.
